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Physics Maths Engineering

Midgap state requirements for optically active quantum defects

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Yihuang Xiong,

Yihuang Xiong


Milena Mathew,

Milena Mathew


Sinéad M Griffin,

Sinéad M Griffin


Alp Sipahigil,

Alp Sipahigil


Geoffroy Hautier

Geoffroy Hautier


  Peer Reviewed

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© attribution CC-BY

  • 0

rating
688 Views

Added on

2024-12-29

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad1d38

Related Subjects
Physics
Math
Chemistry
Computer science
Engineering
Earth science
Biology

Abstract

Abstract Optically active quantum defects play an important role in quantum sensing, computing and communication. The electronic structure and the single-particle energy levels of these quantum defects in the semiconducting host have been used to understand their optoelectronic properties. Optical excitations that are central for their initialization and readout are linked to transitions between occupied and unoccupied single-particle states. It is commonly assumed that only quantum defects introducing levels well within the band gap and far from the band edges are of interest for quantum technologies as they mimic an isolated atom embedded in the host. In this perspective, we contradict this common assumption and show that optically active defects with energy levels close to the band edges can display similar properties. We highlight quantum defects that are excited through transitions to or from a band-like level (bound exciton) such as the T center and Se S i + in silicon. We also present how defects such as the silicon split-vacancy in diamond can involve transitions between localized levels that are above the conduction band or below the valence band. Loosening the commonly assumed requirement on the electronic structure of quantum defects offers opportunities in quantum defects design and discovery especially in smaller band gap hosts such as silicon. We discuss the challenges in terms of operating temperature for photoluminescence or radiative lifetime in this regime. We also highlight how these alternative type of defects bring their own needs in terms of theoretical developments and fundamental understanding. This perspective clarifies the electronic structure requirement for quantum defects and will facilitate the identification and design of new color centers for quantum applications especially driven by first principles computations.

Key Questions

What are midgap states in quantum defects?

Midgap states are energy levels introduced by quantum defects within the band gap of a host material. These states play a pivotal role in quantum sensing and computing by enabling optical transitions that interact with electronic spin states.

Why are optically active quantum defects important?

Optically active quantum defects allow for initialization and readout of quantum states using photons, essential for quantum computing, communication, and sensing.

How do midgap states affect photonic technologies?

Midgap states facilitate precise optical control, crucial for technologies requiring high fidelity in photon-spin interfaces, such as quantum networks and sensors.

What materials exhibit promising quantum defects?

Materials like silicon, diamond, SiC, and hBN host notable quantum defects, including NV centers and T centers, which demonstrate potential for various quantum applications.

What are the challenges of using midgap states in quantum technology?

Challenges include temperature dependence, radiative lifetime management, and ensuring coherence for room-temperature operations, which are crucial for practical implementation.

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Article usage: Dec-2024 to May-2025
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2025 May 166 166
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2024 December 10 10
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Show by month Manuscript Video Summary
2025 May 166 166
2025 April 96 96
2025 March 153 153
2025 February 120 120
2025 January 143 143
2024 December 10 10
Total 688 688
Related Subjects
Physics
Math
Chemistry
Computer science
Engineering
Earth science
Biology
copyright icon

© attribution CC-BY

  • 0

rating
688 Views

Added on

2024-12-29

Doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/2633-4356/ad1d38

Related Subjects
Physics
Math
Chemistry
Computer science
Engineering
Earth science
Biology

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