Biomedical
Prevalence of Leishmaniasis among Blood Donors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Maria Kantzanou,
Evangelos Kostares,
Georgia Kostare,
Evangelia Papagiannopoulou,
Michael Kostares,
Athanasios Tsakris
Peer Reviewed
Abstract
Key Questions
What is leishmaniasis?
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus *Leishmania*, transmitted primarily through the bites of infected sandflies. It manifests in various forms, ranging from cutaneous lesions to visceral involvement, which can be fatal if untreated.
Why is the prevalence of leishmaniasis among blood donors a concern?
Asymptomatic carriers of *Leishmania* parasites can donate blood, posing a risk of transmission through blood transfusions, especially in endemic regions. Understanding the prevalence among donors is crucial for ensuring blood safety.
What were the main findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis?
The study analyzed data from 35 studies and found that the prevalence of leishmaniasis among blood donors was 2.3% using molecular diagnostic methods and 4.5% using serological methods, indicating a notable presence of asymptomatic infections in donor populations.
What implications do these findings have for blood transfusion services?
The findings highlight the need for implementing screening protocols for leishmaniasis in blood donation processes, particularly in endemic areas, to prevent transfusion-transmitted infections and ensure the safety of blood supplies.
