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Biomedical

Progress on Electrochemical Sensing of Pharmaceutical Drugs in Complex Biofluids

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Elain Fu,

Elain Fu

School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA


Khadijeh Khederlou,

Khadijeh Khederlou

School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA


Noël Lefevre,

Noël Lefevre

School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA


Stephen A. Ramsey,

Stephen A. Ramsey

School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA


Matthew L. Johnston,

Matthew L. Johnston

School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA


Lael Wentland

Lael Wentland

School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA


  Peer Reviewed

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© attribution CC-BY

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516 Views

Added on

2024-11-09

Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11080467

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Biochemistry
Epidemiology
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Psychology
Oncology
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Pediatrics
Pathology
Pharmacology
Physiology
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Abstract

Electrochemical detection, with its advantages of being rapid, multi-time point, compatible with cost-effective fabrication methods, and having the potential for miniaturization and portability, has great promise for point-of-care drug monitoring. However, a continuing challenge concerns the robust and sensitive electrochemical detection of pharmaceutical analytes from biological fluids. These complex matrices, such as saliva, sweat, interstitial fluid, urine, and blood/serum, contain multiple components that can contribute to an increased background or reduced analyte signal. In this mini-review, we discuss progress on electrochemical sensing in complex biofluids. We first introduce the challenge of drug titration in the management of various health conditions and provide an overview of the motivation for improved therapeutic drug monitoring, including current limitations. We then review progress on pharmaceutical drug detection from these biofluids with a focus on sample preprocessing, electrode modification for signal amplification, and/or electrode passivation to minimize fouling. Finally, we highlight promising strategies that have enabled robust drug quantification for clinical relevance and that may be useful for field-use systems.

Key Questions about Electrochemical Drug Sensing in Biofluids

The article "Progress on Electrochemical Sensing of Pharmaceutical Drugs in Complex Biofluids" reviews advancements in electrochemical sensors designed to detect pharmaceutical drugs within complex biological fluids such as saliva, sweat, interstitial fluid, urine, and blood/serum. These biofluids present challenges due to their diverse compositions, which can interfere with accurate drug detection. The review emphasizes the importance of developing sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors to improve therapeutic drug monitoring and patient care.

1. What challenges do complex biofluids pose for electrochemical drug sensing?

Complex biofluids contain multiple components that can contribute to increased background signals or reduced analyte signals, complicating the detection of pharmaceutical drugs.

2. How can electrochemical sensors be optimized for drug detection in these fluids?

Advancements in sensor design, including the use of nanomaterials and selective recognition elements, have enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity of electrochemical sensors, making them more effective for drug detection in complex biofluids.

3. What is the significance of improving therapeutic drug monitoring?

Enhanced drug monitoring allows for more precise dosing, reducing the risk of adverse effects and improving patient outcomes.

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ARTICLE USAGE


Article usage: Nov-2024 to May-2025
Show by month Manuscript Video Summary
2025 May 124 124
2025 April 82 82
2025 March 73 73
2025 February 54 54
2025 January 75 75
2024 December 59 59
2024 November 49 49
Total 516 516
Show by month Manuscript Video Summary
2025 May 124 124
2025 April 82 82
2025 March 73 73
2025 February 54 54
2025 January 75 75
2024 December 59 59
2024 November 49 49
Total 516 516
Related Subjects
Anatomy
Biochemistry
Epidemiology
Genetics
Neuroscience
Psychology
Oncology
Medicine
Musculoskeletal science
Pediatrics
Pathology
Pharmacology
Physiology
Psychiatry
Primary care
Women and reproductive health
copyright icon

© attribution CC-BY

  • 0

rating
516 Views

Added on

2024-11-09

Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11080467

Related Subjects
Anatomy
Biochemistry
Epidemiology
Genetics
Neuroscience
Psychology
Oncology
Medicine
Musculoskeletal science
Pediatrics
Pathology
Pharmacology
Physiology
Psychiatry
Primary care
Women and reproductive health

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